Details of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)

General Information of API (ID: D00359)
Name
Levocarnitine
Synonyms    Click to Show/Hide the Synonyms of This API
L-carnitine; Levocarnitine; vitamin BT; (R)-Carnitine; Carnitor; 541-15-1; (-)-Carnitine; (-)-L-Carnitine; Karnitin; L-(-)-Carnitine; Carnitene; bicarnesine; Levocarnitina; Metina; L-Carnitine inner salt; Levocarnitinum; Carniking; Carnilean; Carnitine, (-)-; L(-)-Carnitine; Levocarnitinum [Latin]; Levocarnitina [Spanish]; Carniking 50; (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate; gamma-Trimethyl-beta-hydroxybutyrobetaine; gamma-Trimethyl-ammonium-beta-hydroxybutirate; 1-CARNITINE; (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate; 3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium hydroxide, inner salt; DRG-0211; UNII-0G389FZZ9M; (R)-(3-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide; R-(-)-3-hydroxy-4-trimethylaminobutyrate; 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium; L-gamma-trimethyl-beta-hydroxybutyrobetaine; 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt, (R)-; (3-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-ammonium hydroxide, inner salt; (L-3-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide, inner salt; CHEMBL1149; Ammonium, (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, L-; Carnicor; 0G389FZZ9M; (R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate; Carnitolo; Carnovis; Carrier; CHEBI:16347; Lefcar; (-)-(R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate; L-carnitine Base; 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt; 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt, (2R)-; 44985-71-9; (R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate; L(-)-Carnitine, 99+%; Levocarnitine [USAN:INN]; L Carnitine; MFCD00038747; vitamin B T; Carnitor (TN); SMR000112475; carnitine (L-form); gamma-Trimethyl-hydroxybutyrobetaine; (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylamino)butanoic acid; 3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoate; EINECS 208-768-0; Carnipass; delta-carnitine; Levocarnitine (JAN/USP/INN); L-Carnitin; Malonyl-Carnitin; HSDB 7588; Carnipass 20; Carnitine, L-; L-Carnitine,(S); Car-OH; Levocarnitine [USAN:USP:INN:BAN]; PubChem5901; (R)-3-Hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutyrate; bmse000211; L-carnitine (Levocarnitine); SCHEMBL21970; MLS001332549; MLS001332550; ARONIS24315; BIDD:GT0603; 1-Propanaminium,3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-; GTPL4780; DTXSID4023208; HMS2093J13; HMS2267H24; Pharmakon1600-01505437; HY-B0399; (R)-(3-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide, inner salt; ABP000696; Ammonium, (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-, hydroxide,inner salt; ANW-31960; BDBM50037268; CC0198; NSC741806; NSC759132; SBB058880; AKOS005267245; BCP9000830; CCG-213241; DB00583; KS-1422; NSC-741806; NSC-759132; 6-CHLORO-3-HYDROXY(1H)INDAZOLE; 3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoic acid; AS-11974; gamma-L-trimethyl-beta-hydroxybutyrobetaine; L-Carnitin 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile; L-Carnitine inner salt, synthetic, >=98%; ST50824805; C00318; D02176; (3R)-3-oxidanyl-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate; (R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoic acid; AB00919083_05; AB00919083_06; (R)-(-)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate; A829968; (3R)-(-)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate; Q20735709; (3R)-(-)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate 99+%; L-carnitine(Levocarnitine)/Carnitor, vitamin BT, Karnitin; UNII-S7UI8SM58A component PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N; Levocarnitine, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard; Levocarnitine, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; 3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium hydroxide, inner; 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt, (2R)- (9CI); Ammonium, (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, L- (8CI); Levocarnitine, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Clinical Status
Approved
Disease Indication Cognitive impairment ICD-11: 6D71 [1]
PubChem CID
10917
Formula
C7H15NO3
Canonical SMILES
C[N+](C)(C)C[C@@H](CC(=O)[O-])O
InChI
1S/C7H15NO3/c1-8(2,3)5-6(9)4-7(10)11/h6,9H,4-5H2,1-3H3/t6-/m1/s1
InChIKey
PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N
   Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Data (Structure/Property) of This API
Structure
<iframe style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" frameborder="0" src="https://embed.molview.org/v1/?mode=balls&cid=10917"></iframe>
3D MOL 2D MOL
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 161.2 Topological Polar Surface Area 60.4
XlogP -0.2 Complexity 134
Heavy Atom Count 11 Rotatable Bond Count 3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 3
Full List of Drug Formulations (DFMs) Containing This API
          Levocarnitine 330 mg tablet Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Formulation(s):          3 Formulation(s)
             Drug Formulation 1 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
Magnesium stearate; Povidone; Cellulose, microcrystalline
                   Dosage Form Oral Tablet
                   Company Avera McKennan Hospital; Hi-Tech Pharmacal
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
Povidone DIG Info Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (IC50 = 78.3 uM) [2]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [3]
             Drug Formulation 2 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
Magnesium stearate; Povidone; Cellulose, microcrystalline; Sodium starch glycolate type a potato
                   Dosage Form Oral Tablet
                   Company Rising Pharmaceuticals
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
Povidone DIG Info Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (IC50 = 78.3 uM) [2]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [3]
             Drug Formulation 3 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
Magnesium stearate; Microcrystalline cellulose; Povidone, unspecified
                   Dosage Form Oral Tablet
                   Company Leadiant Biosciences
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [3]
References
1 FDA label for approved levocarnitine from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
2 Mediation of in vitro cytochrome p450 activity by common pharmaceutical excipients. Mol Pharm. 2013 Jul 1;10(7):2739-48.
3 Effects of commonly used excipients on the expression of CYP3A4 in colon and liver cells. Pharm Res. 2010 Aug;27(8):1703-12.

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