General Information of DFM (ID: F21489)
Name	Tramadol 200 mg tablet
Company	St Marys Medical Park Pharmacy
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)	Tramadol		API Info click to show the detail info of this API
	Anaesthesia		ICD-11: 8E22	Approved
Drug Inactive Ingredient (DIGs)
	DIG ID	DIG Info	DIG Name	DIG Functional Class
	E0A1CS	DIG Info	Ammonia	Alkalizing agent
	E07UZH	DIG Info	Dibutyl sebacate	Plasticizing agent
	E0N2PK	DIG Info	Isopropyl alcohol	Antimicrobial preservative ...
	E01UTP	DIG Info	Magnesium stearate	lubricant
	E0V3ER	DIG Info	Polyvinyl alcohol	Coating agent ...
	E0M1JK	DIG Info	Propylene glycol	Antimicrobial preservative ...

Full List of Biological Targets of DIG (DBTs) Regulated by DIG(s) in This DFM
Oxidoreductase (ORase)
DBT Name: Albendazole monooxygenase (CYP3A4)				Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Propylene glycol
Biological Activity	Inhibition ratio < 20 % (tested by experiment)					[1]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP3A4_HUMAN
Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Magnesium stearate
Biological Activity	Protein expression downregulation (tested by experiment)					[2]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP3A4_HUMAN
DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)				Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Polyvinyl alcohol
Biological Activity	IC50 = 548.9 uM (tested by experiment)					[3]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP2E1_HUMAN
DBT Name: Debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D6)				Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Polyvinyl alcohol
Biological Activity	EC50 = 354.8 uM (tested by experiment)					[3]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP2D6_HUMAN
Cell line (CELL)
DBT Name: Lymphoma P388/ADR cells (P388/ADR)				Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Isopropyl alcohol
Biological Activity	IC50 = 0.22 uM (estimated based on the structural similarity with CHEMBL545 )					[4]
Structural Similarity	Tanimoto coefficient = 0.789473684
Tested Species	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Cellosaurus ID	CVCL_IZ75

References
1	Pharmaceutical excipients inhibit cytochrome P450 activity in cell free systems and after systemic administration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2008 Sep;70(1):279-88.
2	Effects of commonly used excipients on the expression of CYP3A4 in colon and liver cells. Pharm Res. 2010 Aug;27(8):1703-12.
3	Mediation of in vitro cytochrome p450 activity by common pharmaceutical excipients. Mol Pharm. 2013 Jul 1;10(7):2739-48.
4	Synthesis and evaluation of dihydropyrroloquinolines that selectively antagonize P-glycoprotein. J Med Chem. 2004 Mar 11; 47(6):1413-22.

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