Details of the Drug Formulation (DFM)

General Information of DFM (ID: F20440)
Name
Spironolactone 50 mg tablet
Company
McKesson
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Spironolactone API Info click to show the detail info of this API
Congestive heart failure ICD-11: BD10 Approved
Drug Inactive Ingredient (DIGs)
DIG ID DIG Info DIG Name DIG Functional Class
E0SJ4H DIG Info Beta-D-lactose Diluent ...
E0FH4N DIG Info Docusate sodium Surfactant
E0T4YW DIG Info Hypromellose Coating agent
E01UTP DIG Info Magnesium stearate lubricant
E0Q7IF DIG Info Povidone Binding agent ...
E01UTV DIG Info Silicon dioxide Anticaking agent ...
E0Y7PW DIG Info Sodium benzoate Antimicrobial preservative ...
E05BSD DIG Info Titanium dioxide Coating agent ...
E0T2AJ DIG Info Triacetin Humectant ...
Full List of Biological Targets of DIG (DBTs) Regulated by DIG(s) in This DFM
      Oxidoreductase (ORase)
            DBT Name: Albendazole monooxygenase (CYP3A4) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Magnesium stearate
                    Biological Activity Protein expression downregulation (tested by experiment) [1]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 65 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
               Experiment (3) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity Protein expression upregulation (tested by experiment) [1]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
               Experiment (4) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity Protein expression downregulation (tested by experiment) [1]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
               Experiment (5) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Povidone
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 107 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
               Experiment (6) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Povidone
                    Biological Activity Protein expression upregulation (tested by experiment) [1]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
               Experiment (7) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Silicon dioxide
                    Biological Activity Protein expression downregulation (tested by experiment) [1]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 141.8 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2E1_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 253.5 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2E1_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 203.3 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2C9_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 372 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2CJ_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 211.8 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2CJ_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D6) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 95.5 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2D6_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 159.3 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2D6_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 195.8 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A5_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 19.4 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A5_HUMAN
      Hydrolase (HDase)
            DBT Name: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 9600 nM (estimated based on the structural similarity with CHEMBL271677 ) [3]
                    Structural Similarity Tanimoto coefficient = 0.824561404
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID HDAC1_HUMAN ; HDAC2_HUMAN ; HDAC3_HUMAN ; HDAC4_HUMAN ; HDAC5_HUMAN ; HDAC6_HUMAN ; HDAC7_HUMAN ; HDAC8_HUMAN ; HDAC9_HUMAN
      Lyase/isomerase/ligase (L/I/G)
            DBT Name: Carbonic anhydrase II (CA2) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Sodium benzoate
                    Biological Activity Ki = 30000 nM (tested by experiment) [4]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Sodium benzoate
                    Biological Activity Ki = 74700 nM (tested by experiment) [4]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CAH4_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CYP1A2) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 147.4 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP1A2_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 106.7 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP1A2_HUMAN
               Experiment (3) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Povidone
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 78.3 uM (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP1A2_HUMAN
      Potential-driven transporter (PDT)
            DBT Name: Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (OATPB) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity Inhibition ratio = 87.8 % (tested by experiment) [5]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO2B1_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity Ki = 2.76 uM (tested by experiment) [5]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO2B1_HUMAN
               Experiment (3) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity Ki = 2.3 uM (tested by experiment) [6]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO2B1_HUMAN
      Cell line (CELL)
            DBT Name: Lung cancer A-549 cells (A-549) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Docusate sodium
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 154000 nM (estimated based on the structural similarity with CHEMBL271677 ) [3]
                    Structural Similarity Tanimoto coefficient = 0.824561404
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    Cellosaurus ID CVCL_0023
            DBT Name: Colon cancer Caco-2 cells (Caco-2) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity Promotion ratio > 18 % (tested by experiment) [7]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Hypromellose
                    Biological Activity Promotion ratio > 27 % (tested by experiment) [7]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
References
1 Effects of commonly used excipients on the expression of CYP3A4 in colon and liver cells. Pharm Res. 2010 Aug;27(8):1703-12.
2 Mediation of in vitro cytochrome p450 activity by common pharmaceutical excipients. Mol Pharm. 2013 Jul 1;10(7):2739-48.
3 New sulfurated derivatives of valproic acid with enhanced histone deacetylase inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Mar 15; 18(6):1893-7.
4 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Interaction of isozymes I, II, IV, V, and IX with carboxylates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Feb 1; 15(3):573-8.
5 Bacterial metabolism rescues the inhibition of intestinal drug absorption by food and drug additives. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Jul 7;117(27):16009-16018.
6 The activities of drug inactive ingredients on biological targets. Science. 2020 Jul 24;369(6502):403-413.
7 Interactions between human multidrug resistance related protein (MRP2; ABCC2) and excipients commonly used in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS). Int J Pharm. 2013 Apr 15;447(1-2):192-8.

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