Details of the Drug Inactive Ingredient (DIG)

General Information of DIG (ID: E0AQ3D)
DIG Name	Polysorbate 20
DIG Function	Dispersing agent; Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Plasticizing agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; Suspending agent

Full List of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) Co-administrated with This DIG
ICD Disease Classification 01		Infectious/parasitic disease	Click to Show/Hide
Valganciclovir	API Info	Cytomegalovirus infection [ICD-11: 1D82]		[1]
Bedaquiline	API Info	Pulmonary tuberculosis [ICD-11: 1B10]		[2]
Rilpivirine	API Info	Human immunodeficiency virus infection [ICD-11: 1C60]		[3]
ICD Disease Classification 02		Benign/in-situ/malignant neoplasm	Click to Show/Hide
Bexarotene	API Info	Anaplastic large cell lymphoma [ICD-11: 2A90]		[4]
ICD Disease Classification 06		Mental/behavioural/neurodevelopmental disorder	Click to Show/Hide
Venlafaxine	API Info	Major depressive disorder [ICD-11: 6A70]		[5]
Aripiprazole	API Info	Schizophrenia [ICD-11: 6A20]		[6]
Protriptyline	API Info	Major depressive disorder [ICD-11: 6A70]		[7]
ICD Disease Classification 08		Nervous system disease	Click to Show/Hide
Levetiracetam	API Info	Focal seizure [ICD-11: 8A68]		[8]
Tramadol	API Info	Anaesthesia [ICD-11: 8E22]		[9]
ICD Disease Classification 10		Ear/mastoid process disease	Click to Show/Hide
Diphenhydramine	API Info	Meniere disease [ICD-11: AB31]		[10]
ICD Disease Classification 11		Circulatory system disease	Click to Show/Hide
Aspirin	API Info	Myocardial infarction [ICD-11: BA41]		[11]
Metoprolol	API Info	Essential hypertension [ICD-11: BA00]		[12]
Caffeine	API Info	Orthostatic hypotension [ICD-11: BA21]		[13]
Nifedipine	API Info	Angina pectoris [ICD-11: BA40]		[14]
Benazepril	API Info	Essential hypertension [ICD-11: BA00]		[15]
ICD Disease Classification 13		Digestive system disease	Click to Show/Hide
Lansoprazole	API Info	Duodenal ulcer [ICD-11: DA63]		[16]
ICD Disease Classification 15		Musculoskeletal/connective-tissue disease	Click to Show/Hide
Methocarbamol	API Info	Paget's disease [ICD-11: FB85]		[17]

Full List of Biological Targets of DIG (DBTs) Regulated by This DIG
Oxidoreductase (ORase)
DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A)		Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	IC50 = 320 uM (tested by experiment)		[18]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP3A4_HUMAN ; CP3A5_HUMAN ; CP3A7_HUMAN ; CP343_HUMAN
DBT Name: Albendazole monooxygenase (CYP3A4)		Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	EC50 = 363.7 uM (tested by experiment)		[19]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP3A4_HUMAN
DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)		Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	IC50 = 64.1 uM (tested by experiment)		[19]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP2E1_HUMAN
DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)		Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	EC50 = 228.4 uM (tested by experiment)		[19]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP2C9_HUMAN
DBT Name: Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)		Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	IC50 = 230 uM (tested by experiment)		[19]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP2CJ_HUMAN
DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)		Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	IC50 = 84 uM (tested by experiment)		[19]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CP3A5_HUMAN
Primary active transporter (PAT)
DBT Name: Multidrug resistance protein 1 (ABCB1)		Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	IC50 = 0.25 mg.mL-1 (tested by experiment)		[20]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	MDR1_HUMAN ; MDR3_HUMAN ; ABCB5_HUMAN
Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	Inhibition ratio > 240 % (tested by experiment)		[21]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	MDR1_HUMAN ; MDR3_HUMAN ; ABCB5_HUMAN
DBT Name: Urate exporter (BCRP)		Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	Inhibition ratio > 84 % (tested by experiment)		[22]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	ABCG2_HUMAN
Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Biological Activity	Inhibition ratio > 50 % (tested by experiment)		[21]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	ABCG2_HUMAN

References
1	FDA label for approved valganciclovir from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
2	FDA label for approved bedaquiline from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
3	FDA label for approved rilpivirine from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
4	FDA label for approved bexarotene from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
5	FDA label for approved venlafaxine from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
6	FDA label for approved aripiprazole from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
7	FDA label for approved protriptyline from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
8	FDA label for approved levetiracetam from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
9	FDA label for approved tramadol from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
10	FDA label for approved diphenhydramine from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
11	FDA label for approved aspirin from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
12	FDA label for approved metoprolol from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
13	FDA label for approved caffeine from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
14	FDA label for approved nifedipine from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
15	FDA label for approved benazepril from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
16	FDA label for approved lansoprazole from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
17	FDA label for approved methocarbamol from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
18	Nonionic surfactants are strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A biotransformation activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2009 Mar 2;36(4-5):401-11.
19	Mediation of in vitro cytochrome p450 activity by common pharmaceutical excipients. Mol Pharm. 2013 Jul 1;10(7):2739-48.
20	Reversal of multidrug resistance by surfactants. Br J Cancer. 1992 Jul;66(1):62-8.
21	Effect of excipients on breast cancer resistance protein substrate uptake activity. J Control Release. 2007 Dec 4;124(1-2):1-5.
22	Characterization of the inhibition of breast cancer resistance protein-mediated efflux of mitoxantrone by pharmaceutical excipients. Int J Pharm. 2009 Mar 31;370(1-2):216-9.

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