Details of the Biological Target of DIG (DBT)

General Information of DBT (ID: ET0NG5N)
Name
Carbonic anhydrase II (CA2)
Synonyms    Click to Show/Hide the Synonyms of This DBT
Carbonate dehydratase II; Carbonic anhydrase C; CAC; CA-II; Carbonic anhydrase 2
Family Lyase/isomerase/ligase (L/I/G)  >>  Carbon-oxygen lyase (EC 4.2)
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene Name CA2 Gene ID
760
UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN (click to find more protein-related data of this DBT)
TTD ID T20401 (click to find more therapeutic target data of this DBT)
INTEDE ID DME0409 (click to find more drug-metabolizing enzyme data of this DBT)
   Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Function Data (Sequence/Function) of This Target
Sequence
MSHHWGYGKHNGPEHWHKDFPIAKGERQSPVDIDTHTAKYDPSLKPLSVSYDQATSLRIL
NNGHAFNVEFDDSQDKAVLKGGPLDGTYRLIQFHFHWGSLDGQGSEHTVDKKKYAAELHL
VHWNTKYGDFGKAVQQPDGLAVLGIFLKVGSAKPGLQKVVDVLDSIKTKGKSADFTNFDP
RGLLPESLDYWTYPGSLTTPPLLECVTWIVLKEPISVSSEQVLKFRKLNFNGEGEPEELM
VDNWRPAQPLKNRQIKASFK
Function
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye. Contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton-coupled peptide absorption. Stimulates the chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of SLC26A6. Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation.
Full List of Drug Inactive Ingredients (DIGs) Regulating This DBT
          DIG Name: Acesulfame Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Flavoring agent
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki > 20000 nM (tested by experiment) [1]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Aminobenzoate sodium Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Lubricant
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 8130 nM (tested by experiment) [2]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Benzosulfimide Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Flavoring agent
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 5180 nM (tested by experiment) [3]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Butylated hydroxytoluene Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antioxidant
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 630 nM (tested by experiment) [4]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: methylparaben Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antimicrobial preservative
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 3400 nM (tested by experiment) [5]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Sodium benzoate Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antimicrobial preservative; lubricant
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 30000 nM (tested by experiment) [6]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Sucralose Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Flavoring agent
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 300 nM (tested by experiment) [1]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Tannic acid Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antioxidant
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 32800 nM (tested by experiment) [7]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Ammonium sulfate Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Buffering agent
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 82000 nM (estimated based on the structural similarity with CHEMBL355001 ) [8]
                   Structural Similarity Tanimoto coefficient = 0.769230769
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Compressible sugar Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Binding agent; Diluent; Flavoring agent
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki > 20000 nM (tested by experiment) [1]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Ethylparaben Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antimicrobial preservative
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 4800 nM (tested by experiment) [5]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Gentisic acid Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antioxidant
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 4100 nM (tested by experiment) [5]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Hydroquinone Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antioxidant
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 90 nM (tested by experiment) [9]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Phenol Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antimicrobial preservative
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 5500 nM (tested by experiment) [10]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Sodium acetate Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Antimicrobial preservative; Buffering agent; Flavoring agent
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki = 130000 nM (tested by experiment) [6]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Sodium cyclamate Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Flavoring agent
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity Ki > 10000 nM (tested by experiment) [11]
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
          DIG Name: Tridecyl benzenesulfonate Click to Show/Hide
             Detailed Information DIG Info click to show the detail info of this DIG
             Functional Class    Click to Show/Hide the Functional Class of This DIG
Surfactant
             Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of This DIG on the Studied DBT
                   Biological Activity IC50 = 8 nM (estimated based on the structural similarity with CHEMBL105637 ) [12]
                   Structural Similarity Tanimoto coefficient = 0.769230769
                   Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                   UniProt ID CAH2_HUMAN
References
1 Sweet Binders: Carbonic Anhydrase IX in Complex with Sucralose. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2018 May 10; 9(7):657-661.
2 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition of the -class enzymes from the fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans with branched aliphatic/aromatic carboxylates and their derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Apr 15; 21(8):2521-6.
3 Mutation of active site residues Asn67 to Ile, Gln92 to Val and Leu204 to Ser in human carbonic anhydrase II: influences on the catalytic activity and affinity for inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem. 2012 Apr 1; 20(7):2208-13.
4 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition of human erythrocyte isozymes I and II with a series of antioxidant phenols. Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Apr 15; 17(8):3207-11.
5 Mono-/dihydroxybenzoic acid esters and phenol pyridinium derivatives as inhibitors of the mammalian carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX, XII and XIV. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Mar 15; 21(6):1564-9.
6 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Interaction of isozymes I, II, IV, V, and IX with carboxylates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Feb 1; 15(3):573-8.
7 In vitro inhibition of -carbonic anhydrase isozymes by some phenolic compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Jul 15; 21(14):4259-62.
8 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: SAR and X-ray crystallographic study for the interaction of sugar sulfamates/sulfamides with isozymes I, II and IV. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2003 Mar 10; 13(5):841-5.
9 Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of mammalian isoforms I-XIV with a series of substituted phenols including paracetamol and salicylic acid. Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Aug 1; 16(15):7424-8.
10 Synthesis of C-cinnamoyl glycosides and their inhibitory activity against mammalian carbonic anhydrases. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Mar 15; 21(6):1489-94.
11 Sulfamide derivatives with selective carbonic anhydrase VII inhibitory action. Bioorg Med Chem. 2016 Feb 15; 24(4):894-901.
12 Topically active carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. 4. [(Hydroxyalkyl)sulfonyl]benzene and [(hydroxyalkyl)sulfonyl]thiophenesulfonamides. J Med Chem. 1991 Oct; 34(10):3098-105.

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