General Information of DFM (ID: F05185)
Name
Cyclosporin A 25 mg capsule
Company
Mayne Pharma
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Cyclosporin A API Info click to show the detail info of this API
Rheumatoid arthritis ICD-11: FA20 Approved
Drug Inactive Ingredient (DIGs)
DIG ID DIG Info DIG Name DIG Functional Class
E0LT2O DIG Info Alpha-tocopherol Antimicrobial preservative ...
E09YYN DIG Info Eisenoxyd Colorant
E06WYP DIG Info Glycerin Antimicrobial preservative ...
E03VAV DIG Info Glyceryl monocaprylate Emollient ...
E04KSN DIG Info Hexahydric alcohol Diluent ...
E0X2OX DIG Info Medium-chain triglyceride Emollient ...
E0CX3L DIG Info Polyoxyl 35 castor oil Emulsifying agent ...
E05BSD DIG Info Titanium dioxide Coating agent ...
Full List of Biological Targets of DIG (DBTs) Regulated by DIG(s) in This DFM
      Oxidoreductase (ORase)
            DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 250 uM (tested by experiment) [1]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN ; CP3A5_HUMAN ; CP3A7_HUMAN ; CP343_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity Inhibition (tested by experiment) [2]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN ; CP3A5_HUMAN ; CP3A7_HUMAN ; CP343_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Albendazole monooxygenase (CYP3A4) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 306.5 uM (tested by experiment) [3]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 600 uM (tested by experiment) [4]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A4_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 113.3 uM (tested by experiment) [3]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2E1_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 41.1 uM (tested by experiment) [3]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2C9_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 30 uM (tested by experiment) [4]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2C9_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 36.1 uM (tested by experiment) [3]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP2CJ_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 10.1 uM (tested by experiment) [3]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP3A5_HUMAN
      Transferase (TFase)
            DBT Name: Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Alpha-tocopherol
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 500 nM (tested by experiment) [5]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID GSTP1_HUMAN
      Lyase/isomerase/ligase (L/I/G)
            DBT Name: Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CYP1A2) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity EC50 = 1.1 uM (tested by experiment) [3]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID CP1A2_HUMAN
      Primary active transporter (PAT)
            DBT Name: Multidrug resistance protein 2 (ABCC2) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity Inhibition ratio = 51 % (tested by experiment) [6]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID MRP2_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity Inhibition ratio > 73 % (tested by experiment) [7]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID MRP2_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Multidrug resistance protein 1 (ABCB1) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 5 mg.mL-1 (tested by experiment) [8]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID MDR1_HUMAN ; MDR3_HUMAN ; ABCB5_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity Inhibition ratio = 61 % (tested by experiment) [9]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID MDR1_HUMAN ; MDR3_HUMAN ; ABCB5_HUMAN
               Experiment (3) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity Inhibition ratio > 100 % (tested by experiment) [10]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID MDR1_HUMAN ; MDR3_HUMAN ; ABCB5_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Urate exporter (BCRP) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity Inhibition ratio > 40 % (tested by experiment) [10]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID ABCG2_HUMAN
      Potential-driven transporter (PDT)
            DBT Name: Solute carrier SLCO1B1 (OATP-C) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.19 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO1B1_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.3 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO1B1_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (OATPB) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.0011 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO2B1_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.0098 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO2B1_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Solute carrier SLCO1A2 (OATP-A) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.00054 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO1A2_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.00034 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO1A2_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Organic anion transporter 8 (OAT8) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.001 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO1B3_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.0047 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID SO1B3_HUMAN
            DBT Name: Sodium/bile acid cotransporter (SLC10A1) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 2.8 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID NTCP_HUMAN
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity IC50 = 0.012 %(w/v) (tested by experiment) [11]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
                    UniProt ID NTCP_HUMAN
      Cell line (CELL)
            DBT Name: Colon cancer Caco-2 cells (Caco-2) Click to Show/Hide
               Detailed Information DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
               Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Medium-chain triglyceride
                    Biological Activity Inhibition ratio > 36 % (tested by experiment) [7]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
               Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
                    Interacting DIG Polyoxyl 35 castor oil
                    Biological Activity Chylomicron secretion downregulation (tested by experiment) [12]
                    Tested Species Homo sapiens (Human)
References
1 Nonionic surfactants are strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A biotransformation activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2009 Mar 2;36(4-5):401-11.
2 In vitro investigation on the impact of the surface-active excipients Cremophor EL, Tween 80 and Solutol HS 15 on the metabolism of midazolam. iopharm Drug Dispos. 2004 Jan;25(1):37-49.
3 Mediation of in vitro cytochrome p450 activity by common pharmaceutical excipients. Mol Pharm. 2013 Jul 1;10(7):2739-48.
4 Effects of non-ionic surfactants on cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism in vitro. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2011 May;78(1):166-72.
5 Reviewing Hit Discovery Literature for Difficult Targets: Glutathione Transferase Omega-1 as an Example. J Med Chem. 2018 Sep 13; 61(17):7448-7470.
6 Inhibition of human efflux transporter ABCC2 (MRP2) by self-emulsifying drug delivery system: influences of concentration and combination of excipients. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;17(4):447-60.
7 Interactions between human multidrug resistance related protein (MRP2; ABCC2) and excipients commonly used in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS). Int J Pharm. 2013 Apr 15;447(1-2):192-8.
8 Reversal of multidrug resistance by surfactants. Br J Cancer. 1992 Jul;66(1):62-8.
9 A comparison of commonly used polyethoxylated pharmaceutical excipients on their ability to inhibit P-glycoprotein activity in vitro. J Pharm Sci. 2002 Sep;91(9):1991-2002.
10 Effect of excipients on breast cancer resistance protein substrate uptake activity. J Control Release. 2007 Dec 4;124(1-2):1-5.
11 Pharmaceutical excipients influence the function of human uptake transporting proteins. Mol Pharm. 2012 Sep 4;9(9):2577-81.
12 The effects of pluronics block copolymers and Cremophor EL on intestinal lipoprotein processing and the potential link with P-glycoprotein in Caco-2 cells. Pharm Res. 2003 Jul;20(7):1085-92.

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