General Information of DFM (ID: F23101)
Name	Carbachol 0.01% solution
Company	Alcon Laboratories
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)	Carbachol		API Info click to show the detail info of this API
				Approved
Drug Inactive Ingredient (DIGs)
	DIG ID	DIG Info	DIG Name	DIG Functional Class
	E0N0NF	DIG Info	Calcium chloride	Antimicrobial preservative ...
	E0H0KW	DIG Info	Hydrochloric acid	Acidulant
	E0RN8T	DIG Info	Magnesium chloride	Viscosity-controlling agent
	E02GBG	DIG Info	Potassium chloride	Tonicity agent
	E0VN9W	DIG Info	Sodium acetate	Antimicrobial preservative ...
	E0T4TW	DIG Info	Sodium chloride	Diluent ...
	E0NY5F	DIG Info	Sodium citrate dihydrate	Alkalizing agent ...
	E0L2PN	DIG Info	Sodium hydroxide	Alkalizing agent
	E0H2SC	DIG Info	Water	Solvent

Full List of Biological Targets of DIG (DBTs) Regulated by DIG(s) in This DFM
Lyase/isomerase/ligase (L/I/G)
DBT Name: Carbonic anhydrase I (CA1)				Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Sodium acetate
Biological Activity	Ki = 10800 nM (tested by experiment)					[1]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CAH1_HUMAN
DBT Name: Carbonic anhydrase II (CA2)				Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Sodium acetate
Biological Activity	Ki = 130000 nM (tested by experiment)					[2]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CAH2_HUMAN
DBT Name: Carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4)				Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment (1) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Hydrochloric acid
Biological Activity	Ki = 90000 nM (tested by experiment)					[3]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CAH4_HUMAN
Experiment (2) for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Potassium chloride
Biological Activity	Ki = 90000 nM (tested by experiment)					[4]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CAH4_HUMAN
DBT Name: Carbonic anhydrase V (CA5)				Click to Show/Hide
Detailed Information	DBT Info click to show the detail info of this DBT
Experiment for Assessing the Biological Activity of the Studied DIG on This DBT
Interacting DIG	Hydrochloric acid
Biological Activity	Ki = 156 nM (tested by experiment)					[5]
Tested Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	CAH5A_HUMAN ; CAH5B_HUMAN

References
1	Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition of the -class enzymes from the fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans with branched aliphatic/aromatic carboxylates and their derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Apr 15; 21(8):2521-6.
2	Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Interaction of isozymes I, II, IV, V, and IX with carboxylates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Feb 1; 15(3):573-8.
3	Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of the membrane-bound human isozyme IV with anions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Dec 6; 14(23):5769-73.
4	Characterization and anions inhibition studies of an -carbonic anhydrase from the teleost fish Dicentrarchus labrax. Bioorg Med Chem. 2011 Jan 15; 19(2):744-8.
5	Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Inhibition of the newly isolated murine isozyme XIII with anions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Nov 1; 14(21):5435-9.

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