Details of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)

General Information of API (ID: D00317)
Name
Hydroxyurea
Synonyms    Click to Show/Hide the Synonyms of This API
hydroxyurea; Hydroxycarbamide; 127-07-1; N-Hydroxyurea; Hydrea; 1-HYDROXYUREA; Oxyurea; Carbamoyl oxime; Biosupressin; Hydroxycarbamine; Urea, hydroxy-; Onco-carbide; Carbamohydroxamic acid; Carbamohydroximic acid; Carbamyl hydroxamate; Hydura; Litalir; Hydurea; N-Carbamoylhydroxylamine; Droxia; Hidrix; Hydroxicarbamidum; Siklos; Hydroxylurea; Hydreia; Litaler; Idrossicarbamide [DCIT]; Hidroxicarbamida; Hydroxyharnstoff; Hydroxycarbamidum; Carbamohydroxyamic acid; N-Hydroxymocovina; Hydroxylamine, N-carbamoyl-; SQ 1089; urea, N-hydroxy-; Hydroxyharnstoff [German]; N-Hydroxymocovina [Czech]; NCI-C04831; Hydroxylamine, N-(aminocarbonyl)-; SK 22591; Hydroxycarbamidum [INN-Latin]; Hidroxicarbamida [INN-Spanish]; CCRIS 958; HYDROXY-UREA; NSC 32065; UNII-X6Q56QN5QC; NSC32065; MFCD00007943; AI3-51139; Hydroxyurea (Cytodrox); CHEMBL467; SQ-1089; X6Q56QN5QC; CHEBI:44423; Hydroxyurea, 98%; NSC-32065; NCGC00015520-03; Hydroxycarbamid; Oncocarbide; Idrossicarbamide; DSSTox_CID_5438; DSSTox_RID_77787; DSSTox_GSID_25438; Hydroxyurea (D4); N-HYDROXY UREA; Mylocel; carbamide oxide; CAS-127-07-1; SMR000059149; Hydroxyurea (USP); Droxia (TM); Droxia (TN); Hydrea (TM); hydroxyaminomethanamide; HSDB 6887; SR-01000075919; DRG-0253; EINECS 204-821-7; HYDREA (TN); Hydroxyurea [USAN:USP]; BRN 1741548; Hydroxycarbamide (JAN/INN); hydroxyl urea; hydroxy urea; 1-oxidanylurea; S-phase/G-1 interface inhibitor; aminohydroxamic acid; carbamic acid oxime; Hydroxy Urea-15N; Carbomohydroxamic acid; Spectrum_000909; Hydroxycarbamide [INN]; WLN: ZVMQ; Hydrea (Bristol Meyers); Spectrum2_000064; Spectrum3_000462; Spectrum4_000012; Spectrum5_000836; Lopac-H-8627; MolMap_000029; H 8627; NCIMech_000139; Hydroxyurea, 98%, powder; ACMC-1C22W; Lopac0_000596; BSPBio_002164; KBioGR_000383; KBioSS_001389; 4-03-00-00170 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea); MLS001332381; MLS001332382; MLS002153389; DivK1c_000556; N-(Aminocarbonyl)hydroxylamine; SPECTRUM1500344; SPBio_000247; GTPL6822; NC(=O)N[O]; DTXSID6025438; tetratogen: inhibits ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase; HMS501L18; KBio1_000556; KBio2_001389; KBio2_003957; KBio2_006525; KBio3_001384; NINDS_000556; Bio1_000451; Bio1_000940; Bio1_001429; HMS1920F09; HMS2091L17; HMS2234I03; HMS3261H14; HMS3373G18; HMS3655K20; HMS3869C03; NCI C04831; Pharmakon1600-01500344; ACT02611; ALBB-028465; EBD12517; HY-B0313; STR02555; ZINC8034120; Tox21_110168; Tox21_300319; Tox21_500596; ANW-18958; BBL009928; BDBM50017811; CCG-35236; NSC757072; STL145898; AKOS005716276; AKOS006222547; Tox21_110168_1; ZINC100019199; DB01005; LP00596; MCULE-9465284053; NSC-757072; SDCCGSBI-0050578.P006; IDI1_000556; NCGC00015520-01; NCGC00015520-02; NCGC00015520-04; NCGC00015520-05; NCGC00015520-06; NCGC00015520-07; NCGC00015520-08; NCGC00015520-09; NCGC00015520-10; NCGC00015520-11; NCGC00015520-20; NCGC00093974-01; NCGC00093974-02; NCGC00093974-03; NCGC00093974-04; NCGC00093974-05; NCGC00254007-01; NCGC00261281-01; 8029-68-3; AC-22674; AK128930; NCI60_002773; SBI-0050578.P004; AB0013265; DB-041849; EU-0100596; FT-0627160; FT-0627175; FT-0670210; SW218071-2; C07044; D00341; Hydroxyurea, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, >=98%; AB00052018-09; AB00052018-10; AB00052018_11; AB00052018_12; 127H071; A805636; Q212272; J-504798; SR-01000075919-1; SR-01000075919-3; SR-01000075919-8; E0723DBA-5AF3-49D1-B5F6-59420AB87AC9; F8880-0905; Z1522566612; Hydroxycarbamide, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard; Hydroxyurea, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Clinical Status
Approved
Disease Indication Chronic myelogenous leukaemia ICD-11: 2A20 [1]
PubChem CID
3657
Formula
CH4N2O2
Canonical SMILES
C(=O)(N)NO
InChI
1S/CH4N2O2/c2-1(4)3-5/h5H,(H3,2,3,4)
InChIKey
VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
   Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Data (Structure/Property) of This API
Structure
<iframe style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" frameborder="0" src="https://embed.molview.org/v1/?mode=balls&cid=3657"></iframe>
3D MOL 2D MOL
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 76.055 Topological Polar Surface Area 75.4
XlogP -1.8 Complexity 42.9
Heavy Atom Count 5 Rotatable Bond Count 0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 3 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 2
Full List of Drug Formulations (DFMs) Containing This API
          Hydroxyurea 500 mg capsule Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Formulation(s):          5 Formulation(s)
             Drug Formulation 1 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
Anhydrous citric acid; Methylparaben; D&c red no. 28; Lactose monohydrate; Propylparaben sodium; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Butylparaben; D&c yellow no. 10; Fd&c red no. 40; Benzyl alcohol; Fd&c blue no. 1; Fd&c blue no. 2; Magnesium stearate; Sodium propionate; Edetate calcium disodium; Ferric oxide red; Ferrosoferric oxide; Propylene glycol; Titanium dioxide; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Aluminum oxide; Gelatin; Shellac; Sodium phosphate, dibasic
                   Dosage Form Oral Capsule
                   Company AvKARE; Physicians Total Care
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 4.7 uM) [2]
FD&C blue no. 1 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 13 uM) [3]
methylparaben DIG Info Carbonic anhydrase VII (Ki = 780 nM) [4]
Benzyl alcohol DIG Info Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IC50 = 1400 nM) [5]
Butylparaben DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (IC50 = 1420 nM) [6]
Kyselina citronova DIG Info Perilipin-1 (IC50 = 3708 nM) [7]
Sodium lauryl sulfate DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 1.98 uM) [3]
FD&C blue no. 2 DIG Info Adenosine receptor A3 (IC50 = 1 uM) [2]
D&C red no. 28 DIG Info Organic anion transporter 1 (Ki = 0.064 uM) [2]
Quinoline yellow WS DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (IC50 = 18 uM) [2]
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 2.59 uM) [3]
Propylparaben sodium DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (EC50 = 38200 nM) [8]
Propylene glycol DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Inhibition ratio < 20 %) [9]
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (EC50 = 12.6 uM) [10]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
             Drug Formulation 2 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
Anhydrous citric acid; Methylparaben; D&c red no. 28; Lactose monohydrate; Propylparaben sodium; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Butylparaben; D&c yellow no. 10; Fd&c red no. 40; Benzyl alcohol; Fd&c blue no. 1; Fd&c blue no. 2; Magnesium stearate; Sodium propionate; Edetate calcium disodium; Ferric oxide red; Ferrosoferric oxide; Propylene glycol; Titanium dioxide; Carboxymethylcellulose sodium, unspecified form; Gelatin; Shellac; Sodium phosphate, dibasic
                   Dosage Form Oral Capsule
                   Company Teva Pharmaceuticals
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 4.7 uM) [2]
FD&C blue no. 1 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 13 uM) [3]
methylparaben DIG Info Carbonic anhydrase VII (Ki = 780 nM) [4]
Benzyl alcohol DIG Info Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IC50 = 1400 nM) [5]
Butylparaben DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (IC50 = 1420 nM) [6]
Kyselina citronova DIG Info Perilipin-1 (IC50 = 3708 nM) [7]
Sodium lauryl sulfate DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 1.98 uM) [3]
FD&C blue no. 2 DIG Info Adenosine receptor A3 (IC50 = 1 uM) [2]
D&C red no. 28 DIG Info Organic anion transporter 1 (Ki = 0.064 uM) [2]
Quinoline yellow WS DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (IC50 = 18 uM) [2]
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 2.59 uM) [3]
Propylparaben sodium DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (EC50 = 38200 nM) [8]
Propylene glycol DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Inhibition ratio < 20 %) [9]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
             Drug Formulation 3 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
D&c red no. 28; Lactose, unspecified form; D&c yellow no. 10; Fd&c red no. 40; Fd&c blue no. 1; Magnesium stearate; Citric acid monohydrate; Titanium dioxide; Gelatin; Sodium phosphate
                   Dosage Form Oral Capsule
                   Company E.R. Squibb & Sons
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 4.7 uM) [2]
FD&C blue no. 1 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 13 uM) [3]
D&C red no. 28 DIG Info Organic anion transporter 1 (Ki = 0.064 uM) [2]
Quinoline yellow WS DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (IC50 = 18 uM) [2]
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 2.59 uM) [3]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
             Drug Formulation 4 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
D&c yellow no. 10; Fd&c red no. 40; Fd&c blue no. 1; Magnesium stearate; Titanium dioxide; Silicon dioxide; Gelatin
                   Dosage Form Oral Capsule
                   Company American Health Packaging; Cardinal Health; Golden State Medical Supply
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 4.7 uM) [2]
FD&C blue no. 1 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 13 uM) [3]
Quinoline yellow WS DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (IC50 = 18 uM) [2]
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 2.59 uM) [3]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
Silicon dioxide DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
             Drug Formulation 5 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
D&c yellow no. 10; Fd&c red no. 40; Fd&c blue no. 1; Magnesium stearate; Titanium dioxide; Silicon dioxide; Gelatin, unspecified
                   Dosage Form Oral Capsule
                   Company Par Pharmaceutical; RemedyRepack
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 4.7 uM) [2]
FD&C blue no. 1 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 13 uM) [3]
Quinoline yellow WS DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (IC50 = 18 uM) [2]
Allura red AC dye DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 2.59 uM) [3]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
Silicon dioxide DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
          Hydroxyurea 300 mg capsule Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Formulation(s):          1 Formulation(s)
             Drug Formulation 1 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
D&c red no. 28; Lactose, unspecified form; D&c red no. 33; Fd&c blue no. 1; Magnesium stearate; Citric acid monohydrate; Titanium dioxide; Gelatin; Sodium phosphate
                   Dosage Form Oral Capsule
                   Company E.R. Squibb & Sons
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
FD&C blue no. 1 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 13 uM) [3]
D&C red no. 33 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 58.1 uM) [3]
D&C red no. 28 DIG Info Organic anion transporter 1 (Ki = 0.064 uM) [2]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
          Hydroxyurea 400 mg capsule Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Formulation(s):          1 Formulation(s)
             Drug Formulation 1 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
D&c red no. 28; Lactose, unspecified form; D&c yellow no. 10; D&c red no. 33; Magnesium stearate; Citric acid monohydrate; Titanium dioxide; Gelatin; Sodium phosphate
                   Dosage Form Oral Capsule
                   Company E.R. Squibb & Sons
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
D&C red no. 33 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 58.1 uM) [3]
D&C red no. 28 DIG Info Organic anion transporter 1 (Ki = 0.064 uM) [2]
Quinoline yellow WS DIG Info Estrogen receptor alpha (IC50 = 18 uM) [2]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
          Hydroxyurea 200 mg capsule Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Formulation(s):          1 Formulation(s)
             Drug Formulation 1 DFM Info click to show the detail info of this DFM
                   All DIGs    Click to Show/Hide the Full List of DIGs in This DFM
Lactose, unspecified form; Fd&c blue no. 1; Magnesium stearate; Citric acid monohydrate; Titanium dioxide; Fd&c green no. 3; Gelatin; Sodium phosphate
                   Dosage Form Oral Capsule
                   Company E.R. Squibb & Sons
                   DIG(s) with
                   Biological Activity
DIG Name DIG Info Representative Biological Activity of This DIG REF
FD&C blue no. 1 DIG Info Solute carrier SLCO2B1 (Ki = 13 uM) [3]
Magnesium stearate DIG Info Albendazole monooxygenase (Protein expression downregulation) [11]
References
1 FDA label for approved hydroxyurea from the official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
2 The activities of drug inactive ingredients on biological targets. Science. 2020 Jul 24;369(6502):403-413.
3 Bacterial metabolism rescues the inhibition of intestinal drug absorption by food and drug additives. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Jul 7;117(27):16009-16018.
4 Mono-/dihydroxybenzoic acid esters and phenol pyridinium derivatives as inhibitors of the mammalian carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX, XII and XIV. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Mar 15; 21(6):1564-9.
5 O-alkylhydroxylamines as rationally-designed mechanism-based inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1. Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Jan 27; 108:564-576.
6 Disconnecting the Estrogen Receptor Binding Properties and Antimicrobial Properties of Parabens through 3,5-Substitution. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2017 Dec 15; 9(1):51-55.
7 PubChem BioAssay data set.
8 Discovery of natural estrogen receptor modulators with structure-based virtual screening. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2013 Jun 1; 23(11):3329-33.
9 Pharmaceutical excipients inhibit cytochrome P450 activity in cell free systems and after systemic administration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2008 Sep;70(1):279-88.
10 Mediation of in vitro cytochrome p450 activity by common pharmaceutical excipients. Mol Pharm. 2013 Jul 1;10(7):2739-48.
11 Effects of commonly used excipients on the expression of CYP3A4 in colon and liver cells. Pharm Res. 2010 Aug;27(8):1703-12.

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